.. _building-with-cmake: ======================== Building LLVM with CMake ======================== .. contents:: :local: Introduction ============ `CMake `_ is a cross-platform build-generator tool. CMake does not build the project, it generates the files needed by your build tool (GNU make, Visual Studio, etc) for building LLVM. If you are really anxious about getting a functional LLVM build, go to the `Quick start`_ section. If you are a CMake novice, start on `Basic CMake usage`_ and then go back to the `Quick start`_ once you know what you are doing. The `Options and variables`_ section is a reference for customizing your build. If you already have experience with CMake, this is the recommended starting point. .. _Quick start: Quick start =========== We use here the command-line, non-interactive CMake interface. #. `Download `_ and install CMake. Version 2.8 is the minimum required. #. Open a shell. Your development tools must be reachable from this shell through the PATH environment variable. #. Create a directory for containing the build. It is not supported to build LLVM on the source directory. cd to this directory: .. code-block:: bash $ mkdir mybuilddir $ cd mybuilddir #. Execute this command on the shell replacing `path/to/llvm/source/root` with the path to the root of your LLVM source tree: .. code-block:: bash $ cmake path/to/llvm/source/root CMake will detect your development environment, perform a series of test and generate the files required for building LLVM. CMake will use default values for all build parameters. See the `Options and variables`_ section for fine-tuning your build This can fail if CMake can't detect your toolset, or if it thinks that the environment is not sane enough. On this case make sure that the toolset that you intend to use is the only one reachable from the shell and that the shell itself is the correct one for you development environment. CMake will refuse to build MinGW makefiles if you have a POSIX shell reachable through the PATH environment variable, for instance. You can force CMake to use a given build tool, see the `Usage`_ section. .. _Basic CMake usage: .. _Usage: Basic CMake usage ================= This section explains basic aspects of CMake, mostly for explaining those options which you may need on your day-to-day usage. CMake comes with extensive documentation in the form of html files and on the cmake executable itself. Execute ``cmake --help`` for further help options. CMake requires to know for which build tool it shall generate files (GNU make, Visual Studio, Xcode, etc). If not specified on the command line, it tries to guess it based on you environment. Once identified the build tool, CMake uses the corresponding *Generator* for creating files for your build tool. You can explicitly specify the generator with the command line option ``-G "Name of the generator"``. For knowing the available generators on your platform, execute .. code-block:: bash $ cmake --help This will list the generator's names at the end of the help text. Generator's names are case-sensitive. Example: .. code-block:: bash $ cmake -G "Visual Studio 9 2008" path/to/llvm/source/root For a given development platform there can be more than one adequate generator. If you use Visual Studio "NMake Makefiles" is a generator you can use for building with NMake. By default, CMake chooses the more specific generator supported by your development environment. If you want an alternative generator, you must tell this to CMake with the ``-G`` option. .. todo:: Explain variables and cache. Move explanation here from #options section. .. _Options and variables: Options and variables ===================== Variables customize how the build will be generated. Options are boolean variables, with possible values ON/OFF. Options and variables are defined on the CMake command line like this: .. code-block:: bash $ cmake -DVARIABLE=value path/to/llvm/source You can set a variable after the initial CMake invocation for changing its value. You can also undefine a variable: .. code-block:: bash $ cmake -UVARIABLE path/to/llvm/source Variables are stored on the CMake cache. This is a file named ``CMakeCache.txt`` on the root of the build directory. Do not hand-edit it. Variables are listed here appending its type after a colon. It is correct to write the variable and the type on the CMake command line: .. code-block:: bash $ cmake -DVARIABLE:TYPE=value path/to/llvm/source Frequently-used CMake variables ------------------------------- Here are listed some of the CMake variables that are used often, along with a brief explanation and LLVM-specific notes. For full documentation, check the CMake docs or execute ``cmake --help-variable VARIABLE_NAME``. **CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE**:STRING Sets the build type for ``make`` based generators. Possible values are Release, Debug, RelWithDebInfo and MinSizeRel. On systems like Visual Studio the user sets the build type with the IDE settings. **CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX**:PATH Path where LLVM will be installed if "make install" is invoked or the "INSTALL" target is built. **LLVM_LIBDIR_SUFFIX**:STRING Extra suffix to append to the directory where libraries are to be installed. On a 64-bit architecture, one could use ``-DLLVM_LIBDIR_SUFFIX=64`` to install libraries to ``/usr/lib64``. **CMAKE_C_FLAGS**:STRING Extra flags to use when compiling C source files. **CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS**:STRING Extra flags to use when compiling C++ source files. **BUILD_SHARED_LIBS**:BOOL Flag indicating is shared libraries will be built. Its default value is OFF. Shared libraries are not supported on Windows and not recommended in the other OSes. .. _LLVM-specific variables: LLVM-specific variables ----------------------- **LLVM_TARGETS_TO_BUILD**:STRING Semicolon-separated list of targets to build, or *all* for building all targets. Case-sensitive. For Visual C++ defaults to *X86*. On the other cases defaults to *all*. Example: ``-DLLVM_TARGETS_TO_BUILD="X86;PowerPC"``. **LLVM_BUILD_TOOLS**:BOOL Build LLVM tools. Defaults to ON. Targets for building each tool are generated in any case. You can build an tool separately by invoking its target. For example, you can build *llvm-as* with a makefile-based system executing *make llvm-as* on the root of your build directory. **LLVM_INCLUDE_TOOLS**:BOOL Generate build targets for the LLVM tools. Defaults to ON. You can use that option for disabling the generation of build targets for the LLVM tools. **LLVM_BUILD_EXAMPLES**:BOOL Build LLVM examples. Defaults to OFF. Targets for building each example are generated in any case. See documentation for *LLVM_BUILD_TOOLS* above for more details. **LLVM_INCLUDE_EXAMPLES**:BOOL Generate build targets for the LLVM examples. Defaults to ON. You can use that option for disabling the generation of build targets for the LLVM examples. **LLVM_BUILD_TESTS**:BOOL Build LLVM unit tests. Defaults to OFF. Targets for building each unit test are generated in any case. You can build a specific unit test with the target *UnitTestNameTests* (where at this time *UnitTestName* can be ADT, Analysis, ExecutionEngine, JIT, Support, Transform, VMCore; see the subdirectories of *unittests* for an updated list.) It is possible to build all unit tests with the target *UnitTests*. **LLVM_INCLUDE_TESTS**:BOOL Generate build targets for the LLVM unit tests. Defaults to ON. You can use that option for disabling the generation of build targets for the LLVM unit tests. **LLVM_APPEND_VC_REV**:BOOL Append version control revision info (svn revision number or git revision id) to LLVM version string (stored in the PACKAGE_VERSION macro). For this to work cmake must be invoked before the build. Defaults to OFF. **LLVM_ENABLE_THREADS**:BOOL Build with threads support, if available. Defaults to ON. **LLVM_ENABLE_ASSERTIONS**:BOOL Enables code assertions. Defaults to OFF if and only if ``CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE`` is *Release*. **LLVM_ENABLE_PIC**:BOOL Add the ``-fPIC`` flag for the compiler command-line, if the compiler supports this flag. Some systems, like Windows, do not need this flag. Defaults to ON. **LLVM_ENABLE_WARNINGS**:BOOL Enable all compiler warnings. Defaults to ON. **LLVM_ENABLE_PEDANTIC**:BOOL Enable pedantic mode. This disable compiler specific extensions, is possible. Defaults to ON. **LLVM_ENABLE_WERROR**:BOOL Stop and fail build, if a compiler warning is triggered. Defaults to OFF. **LLVM_BUILD_32_BITS**:BOOL Build 32-bits executables and libraries on 64-bits systems. This option is available only on some 64-bits unix systems. Defaults to OFF. **LLVM_TARGET_ARCH**:STRING LLVM target to use for native code generation. This is required for JIT generation. It defaults to "host", meaning that it shall pick the architecture of the machine where LLVM is being built. If you are cross-compiling, set it to the target architecture name. **LLVM_TABLEGEN**:STRING Full path to a native TableGen executable (usually named ``tblgen``). This is intended for cross-compiling: if the user sets this variable, no native TableGen will be created. **LLVM_LIT_ARGS**:STRING Arguments given to lit. ``make check`` and ``make clang-test`` are affected. By default, ``'-sv --no-progress-bar'`` on Visual C++ and Xcode, ``'-sv'`` on others. **LLVM_LIT_TOOLS_DIR**:PATH The path to GnuWin32 tools for tests. Valid on Windows host. Defaults to "", then Lit seeks tools according to %PATH%. Lit can find tools(eg. grep, sort, &c) on LLVM_LIT_TOOLS_DIR at first, without specifying GnuWin32 to %PATH%. **LLVM_ENABLE_FFI**:BOOL Indicates whether LLVM Interpreter will be linked with Foreign Function Interface library. If the library or its headers are installed on a custom location, you can set the variables FFI_INCLUDE_DIR and FFI_LIBRARY_DIR. Defaults to OFF. **LLVM_EXTERNAL_{CLANG,LLD,POLLY}_SOURCE_DIR**:PATH Path to ``{Clang,lld,Polly}``\'s source directory. Defaults to ``tools/{clang,lld,polly}``. ``{Clang,lld,Polly}`` will not be built when it is empty or it does not point valid path. **LLVM_USE_OPROFILE**:BOOL Enable building OProfile JIT support. Defaults to OFF **LLVM_USE_INTEL_JITEVENTS**:BOOL Enable building support for Intel JIT Events API. Defaults to OFF Executing the test suite ======================== Testing is performed when the *check* target is built. For instance, if you are using makefiles, execute this command while on the top level of your build directory: .. code-block:: bash $ make check On Visual Studio, you may run tests to build the project "check". Cross compiling =============== See `this wiki page `_ for generic instructions on how to cross-compile with CMake. It goes into detailed explanations and may seem daunting, but it is not. On the wiki page there are several examples including toolchain files. Go directly to `this section `_ for a quick solution. Also see the `LLVM-specific variables`_ section for variables used when cross-compiling. Embedding LLVM in your project ============================== The most difficult part of adding LLVM to the build of a project is to determine the set of LLVM libraries corresponding to the set of required LLVM features. What follows is an example of how to obtain this information: .. code-block:: cmake # A convenience variable: set(LLVM_ROOT "" CACHE PATH "Root of LLVM install.") # A bit of a sanity check: if( NOT EXISTS ${LLVM_ROOT}/include/llvm ) message(FATAL_ERROR "LLVM_ROOT (${LLVM_ROOT}) is not a valid LLVM install") endif() # We incorporate the CMake features provided by LLVM: set(CMAKE_MODULE_PATH ${CMAKE_MODULE_PATH} "${LLVM_ROOT}/share/llvm/cmake") include(LLVMConfig) # Now set the header and library paths: include_directories( ${LLVM_INCLUDE_DIRS} ) link_directories( ${LLVM_LIBRARY_DIRS} ) add_definitions( ${LLVM_DEFINITIONS} ) # Let's suppose we want to build a JIT compiler with support for # binary code (no interpreter): llvm_map_components_to_libraries(REQ_LLVM_LIBRARIES jit native) # Finally, we link the LLVM libraries to our executable: target_link_libraries(mycompiler ${REQ_LLVM_LIBRARIES}) This assumes that LLVM_ROOT points to an install of LLVM. The procedure works too for uninstalled builds although we need to take care to add an `include_directories` for the location of the headers on the LLVM source directory (if we are building out-of-source.) Alternativaly, you can utilize CMake's ``find_package`` functionality. Here is an equivalent variant of snippet shown above: .. code-block:: cmake find_package(LLVM) if( NOT LLVM_FOUND ) message(FATAL_ERROR "LLVM package can't be found. Set CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH variable to LLVM's installation prefix.") endif() include_directories( ${LLVM_INCLUDE_DIRS} ) link_directories( ${LLVM_LIBRARY_DIRS} ) llvm_map_components_to_libraries(REQ_LLVM_LIBRARIES jit native) target_link_libraries(mycompiler ${REQ_LLVM_LIBRARIES}) Developing LLVM pass out of source ---------------------------------- It is possible to develop LLVM passes against installed LLVM. An example of project layout provided below: .. code-block:: bash / | CMakeLists.txt / | CMakeLists.txt Pass.cpp ... Contents of ``/CMakeLists.txt``: .. code-block:: cmake find_package(LLVM) # Define add_llvm_* macro's. include(AddLLVM) add_definitions(${LLVM_DEFINITIONS}) include_directories(${LLVM_INCLUDE_DIRS}) link_directories(${LLVM_LIBRARY_DIRS}) add_subdirectory() Contents of ``//CMakeLists.txt``: .. code-block:: cmake add_llvm_loadable_module(LLVMPassname Pass.cpp ) When you are done developing your pass, you may wish to integrate it into LLVM source tree. You can achieve it in two easy steps: #. Copying ```` folder into ``/lib/Transform`` directory. #. Adding ``add_subdirectory()`` line into ``/lib/Transform/CMakeLists.txt``. Compiler/Platform specific topics ================================= Notes for specific compilers and/or platforms. Microsoft Visual C++ -------------------- **LLVM_COMPILER_JOBS**:STRING Specifies the maximum number of parallell compiler jobs to use per project when building with msbuild or Visual Studio. Only supported for Visual Studio 2008 and Visual Studio 2010 CMake generators. 0 means use all processors. Default is 0.